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1.4 Sampling

Double Tracking vs Copying

A-Level Music Technology | 1.4 Sampling | A* Extension

Double Tracking vs Copying

Understand why copying a track just makes it louder, and how ADT creates real stereo width.

⚠️

EXAMINER WARNING (2022-2024)

"Merely copying vocal to another track just adds level - doesn't sound like separate vocal."

This error has appeared in examiner reports for three consecutive years.

WRONG: "Just copy the track"

This is what students write - and lose marks every year

Original Vocal
Copied (IDENTICAL)
Same waveform!
Why this fails: Identical waveforms = constructive interference = just LOUDER (+3-6dB). No timing variation. No pitch variation. Sounds like ONE louder voice, not TWO voices.

CORRECT: Timing + Pitch Variation

The waveforms must be DIFFERENT - either naturally or via ADT

Original Take
Second Take (VARIED)
Why this works: Natural timing variations (5-20ms) + pitch variations (5-20 cents) create the chorus-like thickening effect. The brain perceives TWO performances.

Three Approaches Compared

ApproachWorks?Why?
True Double (2 takes)Natural timing/pitch variation
ADT (processed)Artificial timing/pitch variation
CopyingIdentical = louder only
⚠️The Common Mistake - Why Copying Fails
COPYING DOES NOT CREATE DOUBLE TRACKING

When you copy a track and layer it:
• Every sample is IDENTICAL
• Identical waveforms = constructive interference
• Result: +3 to +6dB louder, but sounds like ONE voice

EXAMINER QUOTE (2022-2024):
"Merely copying vocal to another track just adds level - doesn't sound like separate vocal."
What Makes Double Tracking Work
TWO ELEMENTS MUST VARY:

1. TIMING VARIATION (5-20ms difference)
- Creates width and space
- Falls within Haas Effect threshold (under 40ms)

2. PITCH VARIATION (5-20 cents difference)
- Creates chorus-like thickening
- Below perception threshold for detuning

These variations make the brain perceive TWO separate performances.

Key Rules to Remember

1
COPYING = LOUDER, NOT DOUBLED
Identical waveforms sum = constructive interference
2
TIMING + PITCH VARIATION = THE KEY
Both must vary to create double-tracking effect
3
ADT: DELAY 10-40ms + PITCH +/-5-20 cents
Short delay (Haas zone) + subtle pitch modulation
A-Level Music Technology | Component 4: Producing and Analysing | 1.4 Sampling

What you learned

  • Understand why copying a track does NOT create double tracking
  • Explain how timing and pitch variation create the thickening effect
  • Describe ADT parameters (delay 10-40ms, pitch ±5-20 cents)
  • Understand the Haas Effect and why it matters for ADT
  • Distinguish A* answers from zero-marks answers on double tracking questions
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